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Medb
Medb (Old Irish spelling, (:mɛðv); Middle Irish: Meḋḃ, Meaḋḃ; early modern Irish: Meadhbh, (:mɛɣv); Modern Irish: Méabh (:mʲeːv), Medbh or Maebh; sometimes Anglicised Maeve, Maev or Maive ) is queen of Connacht in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology. Her husband in the core stories of the cycle is Ailill mac Máta, although she had several husbands before him who were also kings of Connacht. She rules from Cruachan (now Rathcroghan, County Roscommon). She is the enemy (and former wife) of Conchobar mac Nessa, king of Ulster, and is best known for starting the ''Táin Bó Cúailnge'' ("The Cattle Raid of Cooley") to steal Ulster's prize stud bull.
==Marriages and rise to power==
How Medb came to power in Connacht and married Ailill is told in the tale ''Cath Bóinde'' ("The Battle of the Boyne"), also known as ''Ferchuitred Medba'' ("Medb's man-share").〔("''Cath Bóinde''" ), tr. Joseph O'Neill, ''Ériu'' 2 (1905) 173–185. ()〕 Her father, Eochaid Feidlech, the High King of Ireland, married her to Conchobar mac Nessa, king of Ulster, because he had killed Conchobar's purported father, the former High King Fachtna Fáthach, in battle. She bore him a son, Glaisne, but the marriage was a bad one and she left him. Eochaid gave Conchobar another of his daughters, Eithne (or Clothru),〔Vernam Hull, ("''Aided Meidbe'': The Violent Death of Medb" ), ''Speculum'' vol. 13 issue 1, Jan 1938, pp. 52–61〕 but Medb murdered her while she was pregnant; her son Furbaide was born by posthumous caesarian section.
Eochaid deposed the then-king of Connacht, Tinni mac Conri, and installed Medb in his place. However, Tinni regained a share of the throne when he and Medb later became lovers. Conchobar raped Medb after an assembly at Tara, and war ensued between the High King and Ulster. Tinni challenged Conchobar to single combat, and lost. Eochaid Dála of the Fir Domnann, who had been Tinni's rival for the kingship, protected the Connacht army as it retreated, and became Medb's next husband and king of Connacht. Medb demanded her husband satisfy her three criteria—that he be without fear, meanness, or jealousy. The last was particularly important, as she had many lovers. While married to Eochaid Dála, she took Ailill mac Máta, chief of her bodyguard, as her lover. Eochaid discovered the affair, challenged Ailill to single combat, and lost. Ailill then married Medb and became king of Connacht.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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